The Conformist

Reading Alberto Moravia's The Conformist offers an experience of interiority and intellectual nuance unmatched by the screen adaptation. The novel explores the protagonist Marcello Clerici's psychological motivations and moral conflicts in a way that only literature can achieve. Moravia’s prose brings the reader into the mind of a man who seeks comfort in conformity, revealing the roots and repercussions of his choices with poignant clarity. The book delves deeply into themes of alienation, sexual repression, and the corrupting influence of ideology, using Marcello’s internal monologue and memories to paint a complex portrait. The subtlety of character development and philosophical musings are best appreciated through Moravia’s original writing. In book form, the reader can pause, reflect, and interpret motivations and symbolism that might be glossed over by the brisk pace of a two-hour film. Choosing to read The Conformist instead of relying on the cinematic adaptation allows you to encounter the novel's rich and unsettling atmosphere as Moravia intended. The book’s thought-provoking insight into the dynamics of fascism, identity, and social pressure provides a rewarding literary journey and a fuller understanding of a classic story.

The 1970 film adaptation by Bernardo Bertolucci takes substantial liberties with Moravia’s novel. The movie visually emphasizes the political backdrop and employs stylized, almost surreal, cinematography to convey Marcello's psychological state, whereas the book is more concerned with an introspective and analytical exploration of his motivations. In the novel, much of the narrative unfolds through Marcello’s internal thoughts and past traumas, particularly his childhood experiences and sexual repression. The movie, in contrast, streamlines or alters some of these elements, sometimes omitting Marcello’s more complex inner monologues in favor of visual storytelling and external action. Bertolucci’s film also adjusts or condenses certain characters and plotlines. For example, Marcello’s relationship with his family and some key figures from his youth are less central in the movie. Subplots and supporting characters that add layers to the novel’s themes, such as issues of sexuality and mental health, are condensed or altered for cinematic pacing and clarity. The ending presents another major difference. While Moravia’s novel provides a more ambiguous and psychologically complex resolution, the film opts for a more dramatic and visual finale. These changes mean that while both versions explore conformity and fascism, the book provides a subtler, more probing look at the protagonist's psyche and moral culpability.