The Pawnbroker

Edward Lewis Wallant’s novel, The Pawnbroker, offers a deeply immersive exploration of the inner life of Sol Nazerman, a Holocaust survivor running a pawnshop in Harlem. Through nuanced writing and rich psychological insight, Wallant crafts a character whose private pain and complex worldview unfold progressively, drawing readers into his unique and challenging emotional landscape. Choosing to read the novel allows a slower, more intimate acquaintance with Sol’s memories, thoughts, and perceptions. Readers gain access to internal monologues, subtle motivations, and underlying tensions that are beyond cinematic reach. The book’s depiction of Harlem and its marginalized inhabitants is textured and evocative, providing deep societal context for Sol’s interactions. Experiencing The Pawnbroker in print grants an appreciation of Wallant’s literary style, which blends realism with metaphorical depth. The novel rewards patient readers with a layered understanding of trauma, redemption, and human connection that simply cannot be fully conveyed in the compressed time and medium of film.

The film adaptation of The Pawnbroker makes significant changes to the protagonist’s characterization. In the novel, Sol Nazerman’s internal dialogue and memories are explored in greater depth, providing a richer emotional context to his apparent detachment. On screen, much of this subtlety is necessarily externalized, with Rod Steiger’s performance substituting nuanced gestures and expressions for Wallant’s intricate prose. Additionally, the novel invests considerable time in depicting the world of Harlem and developing the supporting characters. The book introduces several subplots and minor figures who help to illuminate Sol’s environment, giving readers a broad sense of community and its struggles. The film, constrained by runtime, compresses or omits many of these elements, focusing tightly on Sol and a handful of central relationships. The structure of Wallant’s novel makes extensive use of flashbacks and interior monologue, weaving past and present together with literary techniques such as stream of consciousness. In contrast, the film uses visual flashbacks that are often fragmented and impressionistic, making them impactful but less explanatory than their literary counterparts. This results in a more ambiguous depiction of Sol’s trauma for viewers unfamiliar with his full backstory. Finally, the novel’s ending differs in its tone and implications. Wallant’s original conclusion is more introspective, emphasizing the difficult possibilities of change and redemption. The film’s climax, while powerful, delivers a more visually dramatic and symbolic moment that shifts the narrative’s focus slightly, altering the viewer’s ultimate understanding of Sol’s journey.